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France's strategic petroleum reserve register and physical inventory record. A privately-owned company (created 1988 by oil operators under state aegis) holds roughly 77.6% of France's mandated national coverage - some 13-14 million tonnes, around 17 million cubic metres, carried at about 4.5 billion euros - spread across approximately 88 bonded third-party storage sites including refineries, depots and the Manosque underground cavern facility. The resulting asset is a customs-verified physical inventory series: volumes by site, by product class (diesel roughly half the book, crude about 30%, gasoline, jet fuel, heating fuel) and by stock year, reconciled every six months against customs declarations and audited annually on-site by a specialised third party, with a central SAP ERP joining the reserve ledger to logistics, accounting and finance. Layered on top are the dated release instructions that moved stock to market (over 800 in 2023 versus roughly 30 in 2024), annual disposal sales (for example 83,000 tonnes in 2019), storage contracts and tariffs indexed to a published cost index, and a shareholder capital allocation recalculated each year from each operator's volumes released to consumption - which is itself a per-operator volume disclosure.
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